Usea Proxy

If Selenium is having trouble connecting to a proxy, there are several steps you can take to troubleshoot and resolve the issue. Here are some common solutions:

1. Check Proxy Configuration:

   • Verify that the proxy settings you are using are correct. Double-check the proxy address, port, and any authentication credentials if required.

2. Use the Correct WebDriver for the Browser:

   • Ensure that you are using the correct WebDriver executable for the browser you are automating. For example, if you are using Chrome, make sure you have the correct version of ChromeDriver.

3. Specify Proxy Settings in WebDriver Options:

   • When creating a WebDriver instance, make sure to set the proxy settings in the WebDriver options. Here's an example for Chrome:

from selenium import webdriver

proxy_address = "your_proxy_address"
proxy_port = "your_proxy_port"

chrome_options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
chrome_options.add_argument(f'--proxy-server=http://{proxy_address}:{proxy_port}')

driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=chrome_options)

Handle Proxy Authentication:

• If your proxy requires authentication, make sure to provide the username and password in the proxy settings. Adjust the code accordingly:

chrome_options.add_argument(f'--proxy-server=http://username:password@{proxy_address}:{proxy_port}')

5. Check for Firewalls and Security Software:

   • Firewalls or security software on your machine may block the connection to the proxy. Temporarily disable such software to see if it resolves the issue.

6. Test Proxy Connection Outside Selenium:

   • Test whether you can connect to the proxy outside of Selenium using tools like curl or a browser. This helps determine if the issue is specific to Selenium or if there are broader network or proxy configuration issues.

7. Verify Proxy Availability:

   • Ensure that the proxy server is reachable and available. Try connecting to it manually or use network diagnostic tools to check its status.

8. Check Proxy Logs:

   • If the proxy server has logs, check them for any error messages or indications of connection issues. This can provide insights into why the connection is failing.

9. Update Selenium and Browser Drivers:

   • Ensure that you are using the latest version of Selenium WebDriver and browser drivers (e.g., ChromeDriver, GeckoDriver). Update them if needed to address any compatibility issues.

10. Use a Different Proxy:

    • If possible, try using a different proxy server to see if the issue persists. This can help determine whether the problem is specific to the proxy configuration.

11. Browser Specifics:

    • Some browsers may have specific settings or configurations related to proxy usage. Check the browser's documentation for any additional steps required for using a proxy with Selenium.

12. Consider Using a Proxy Service:

    • If you are facing difficulties with a specific proxy server, consider using a proxy service or a different proxy provider to see if it resolves the issue.

By following these steps and adjusting your Selenium code accordingly, you should be able to troubleshoot and resolve most issues related to connecting to a proxy with Selenium.

If Selenium is returning a blank page when you query it, there could be several reasons for this issue. Here are some common causes and solutions:

1. Timing Issues

Selenium might be trying to interact with the page before it has fully loaded. Ensure that you use explicit waits (WebDriverWait) to wait for the elements to be present, visible, or interactive before interacting with them.

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC

driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get("https://example.com")

# Wait for the page title to be present
WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.TAG_NAME, 'title')))

# Continue with your script...

2. Incorrect Locator or Query

Double-check your locators and queries to ensure that you are selecting the correct elements. Incorrect locators might lead to the selection of non-existent or hidden elements.

3. Browser Window Size

In headless mode or when the browser window is too small, elements might not be visible. Ensure that your script maximizes the browser window or sets an appropriate window size.

driver.maximize_window()

4. JavaScript Errors

Check the browser console for any JavaScript errors that might be affecting the page. Use console.log statements in JavaScript to debug if needed.

console.log("Debug message from JavaScript");

5. Network Issues

Network issues might prevent the page from loading completely. Ensure that your network connection is stable.

6. Browser Extensions

Certain browser extensions might interfere with Selenium. Disable extensions or use a clean browser profile for testing.

7. Headless Mode Issues

If you are running Selenium in headless mode, try running the script in non-headless mode to see if the issue persists. Some websites may behave differently in headless mode.

8. Check for Captchas or Security Measures

Some websites use captchas or additional security measures that could interfere with automated scripts. Ensure that your script is not encountering captchas.

9. Web Page Structure Changes

Web pages are dynamic, and changes in the structure of the page might affect your script. Inspect the HTML source code of the page to ensure that your locators are still valid.

10. Logging

Add logging statements to your script to output information at different stages. This can help in identifying where the issue might be occurring.

11. Browser Version Compatibility

Ensure that your Selenium WebDriver version is compatible with the browser version you are using. Update your WebDriver if necessary.

To run GUI autotests in GitLab CI\CD using Docker, Selenium, and PyTest, you can follow these steps:

1. Create a .gitlab-ci.yml file in the root directory of your project. This file will define the pipeline and the jobs for your CI\CD process.

2. Configure the pipeline to use the appropriate image for your tests. In this case, you can use a Python image with the required dependencies installed.

3. Define the before_script section to set up the environment for the tests, including installing the necessary packages and downloading the required drivers for Selenium.

4. Define the test job to run the PyTest tests using the Selenium WebDriver.

Here's an example of a .gitlab-ci.yml file:

stages:
  - test

variables:
  SELENIUM_CHROME_DRIVER: '102.0.5005.62'
  SELENIUM_FIREFOX_DRIVER: '0.26.0'

image: python:3.8

cache:
  paths:
    - .venv
    - requirements.txt

before_script:
  - apt-get update -qq
  - apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
      build-essential \
      wget \
      xvfb \
      xvfb-run
  - pip install --upgrade pip
  - pip install --quiet --upgrade pytest
  - pip install --quiet selenium
  - pip install --quiet webdriver-manager
  - wget https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/releases/download/v${SELENIUM_CHROME_DRIVER}/chromedriver_linux64.zip
  - unzip chromedriver_linux64.zip chromedriver
  - wget https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/releases/download/v${SELENIUM_FIREFOX_DRIVER}/geckodriver-v${SELENIUM_FIREFOX_DRIVER}
  - mv geckodriver-v${SELENIUM_FIREFOX_DRIVER} geckodriver

test:
  stage: test
  script:
    - pytest tests/
  tags:
    - selenium
  artifacts:
    reports:
      - html
  only:
    - master
    - merge_requests

This .gitlab-ci.yml file defines a single stage called test that runs the PyTest tests in the tests/ directory. The before_script section installs the necessary dependencies, downloads the Selenium WebDriver for Chrome and Firefox, and sets up the environment for running the tests.

The tags: - selenium line ensures that the job runs on a runner with the selenium tag, which should have the appropriate Selenium WebDriver installed. The artifacts: reports: - html line enables the generation of HTML reports for the test results.

The only: - master - merge_requests line specifies that the tests should be run on every commit to the master branch and on every merge request.

Once you've set up the .gitlab-ci.yml file, commit and push it to your repository. Then, create a new merge request or push to the master branch to trigger the CI\CD pipeline and run the GUI autotests using Docker, Selenium, and PyTest.

A proxy server spoofs the IP address, port, and hardware information. It can also act as a secure gateway for data transmission in an already encrypted form (for example, this is how a proxy with the SOCKS5 protocol works).

To check the quality of a proxy server, you can use one of the proxy checkers. There are a lot of them on the Internet. For example, hidemy.name. On the page of the checker you need to specify the IP-address and port of the required proxy server.