Proxy For Selenium

To check if your computer uses a proxy-server, you just need to use any browser (Yandex Browser, Opera, Google Chrome). Then you need to follow the algorithm:

Start your browser.
Go to "Settings".
In the search box enter the query "proxy".
Click on "Proxy settings".
In the tab that opens, select "Network settings".
This will open a tab with the IP address and port of the proxy server, if it is used. If the function is disabled, the line will be empty, and the option itself is disabled.

To enter the browser in normal mode via Selenium WebDriver, you need to set the desired capabilities for the browser you want to use. Here's an example of how to do this in Python:

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.desired_capabilities import DesiredCapabilities

# Set the desired capabilities for the browser
desired_caps = DesiredCapabilities.CHROME
desired_caps['browserName'] = 'chrome'
desired_caps['version'] = 'latest'

# Initialize the WebDriver with the desired capabilities
driver = webdriver.Chrome(desired_capabilities=desired_caps)

# Open a web page in normal mode
driver.get('https://www.example.com')

# Do some actions on the web page
# ...

# Close the browser
driver.quit()

In this example, we are using the Chrome browser, but you can replace 'chrome' with any other browser that Selenium supports, such as 'firefox', 'edge', or 'safari'. The 'version' parameter is set to 'latest', which means that the latest version of the browser will be used.

Note that the DesiredCapabilities class is deprecated in the latest versions of Selenium. Instead, you can use the ChromeOptions class for Chrome or the FirefoxOptions class for Firefox to set the desired capabilities. Here's an example using ChromeOptions:

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options

# Set the desired capabilities for the browser
chrome_options = Options()
chrome_options.add_argument('--start-maximized')  # Optional: start the browser in full screen

# Initialize the WebDriver with the desired capabilities
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=chrome_options)

# Open a web page in normal mode
driver.get('https://www.example.com')

# Do some actions on the web page
# ...

# Close the browser
driver.quit()

This will also open the Chrome browser in normal mode.

In Scrapy, you can navigate to the next page of a website by following the links or buttons that lead to subsequent pages. This typically involves extracting the link or button URL from the current page and generating a new request to scrape the content of the next page.

Here's a basic example of how you can navigate to the next page in a Scrapy spider:

import scrapy

class MySpider(scrapy.Spider):
    name = 'my_spider'
    start_urls = ['http://example.com/page1']

    def parse(self, response):
        # Extract data from the current page

        # ...

        # Follow the link to the next page (assuming pagination link is in an anchor tag)
        next_page_url = response.css('a.next-page-link::attr(href)').extract_first()
        if next_page_url:
            yield scrapy.Request(url=next_page_url, callback=self.parse)

- The spider starts with the initial URL (start_urls).
- The parse method extracts data from the current page.
- It then extracts the URL of the next page using a CSS selector (response.css('a.next-page-link::attr(href)').extract_first()). Adjust this selector based on the structure of the website you are scraping.
- If a next page URL is found, a new scrapy.Request is yielded with the URL and the same callback function (self.parse). This creates a new request to scrape the content of the next page.

In the Windows Settings menu, go to "Network and Internet". At the very bottom, on the left side, find the item "Proxy server" and uncheck it so that it is no longer used. It is also desirable to uncheck the item "Automatic detection of parameters" in the section "Automatic configuration". If this is not done, there is a chance that the proxy will continue to be used. Reboot your laptop.

The basic configuration is written in nginx.conf file in the program directory. You need to create a server article and specify there the port number and the place for cached data. Thus, for example, by using port 8080 you may organize a local proxy to test your own sites.