Crear Proxy Server

It means that the address of such a server changes periodically. This is useful if the user wants to be as anonymous as possible when surfing the web.

Creating your own proxy server can be a complex process that requires knowledge of networking, programming, and server management. However, if you're interested in setting up a proxy server, here's a general outline of the steps you'll need to follow:

1. Choose a server: You'll need a dedicated server or a computer to act as your proxy server. Make sure the server has a stable internet connection and sufficient resources (RAM, storage, and bandwidth) to handle the traffic.

2. Install an operating system: Install a suitable operating system on your server, such as Linux (e.g., Ubuntu, CentOS, or Debian).

3. Configure the server: Set up your server by configuring the firewall, routing, and network settings. You may need to edit configuration files or use command-line tools to make these changes.

4. Install a proxy server software: Choose a proxy server software or platform to run on your server. Some popular options include Squid, Privoxy, and Caddy. Install the software using the package manager for your operating system (e.g., apt-get for Debian-based systems or yum for CentOS-based systems).

5. Configure the proxy server: Open the configuration file for your proxy server software (usually a text file) and edit the settings to match your requirements. You'll need to configure the listening port, IP addresses to forward requests to, and other settings such as authentication, logging, and caching.

6. Test the proxy server: Once you've configured the proxy server, test it to ensure it's working correctly. You can use online tools or test it with your web browser by configuring the browser to use your proxy server.

7. Secure the proxy server: Implement security measures to protect your proxy server from unauthorized access and potential attacks. This may include setting up a firewall, using strong authentication, and keeping the server software up to date with the latest security patches.

8. Maintain and monitor: Regularly monitor the performance and security of your proxy server, and perform routine maintenance tasks such as updating software, checking logs, and ensuring sufficient resources are available.

To keep only unique external links while scraping with Scrapy, you can use a set to track the visited external links and filter out duplicates. Here's an example spider that demonstrates how to achieve this:

import scrapy
from urllib.parse import urlparse, urljoin

class UniqueLinksSpider(scrapy.Spider):
    name = 'unique_links'
    start_urls = ['http://example.com']  # Replace with the starting URL of your choice
    visited_external_links = set()

    def parse(self, response):
        # Extract all links from the current page
        all_links = response.css('a::attr(href)').extract()

        for link in all_links:
            full_url = urljoin(response.url, link)

            # Check if the link is external
            if urlparse(full_url).netloc != urlparse(response.url).netloc:
                # Check if it's a unique external link
                if full_url not in self.visited_external_links:
                    # Add the link to the set of visited external links
                    self.visited_external_links.add(full_url)

                    # Yield the link or process it further
                    yield {
                        'external_link': full_url
                    }

        # Follow links to other pages
        for next_page_url in response.css('a::attr(href)').extract():
            yield scrapy.Request(url=urljoin(response.url, next_page_url), callback=self.parse)

- visited_external_links is a class variable that keeps track of the unique external links across all instances of the spider.
- The parse method extracts all links from the current page.
- For each link, it checks if it is an external link by comparing the netloc (domain) of the current page and the link.
- If the link is external, it checks if it is unique by looking at the visited_external_links set.
- If the link is unique, it is added to the set, and the spider yields the link or processes it further.
- The spider then follows links to other pages, recursively calling the parse method.

Remember to replace the start_urls with the URL from which you want to start scraping.

The easiest way is to install a program that redirects all traffic through a proxy server. And in iOS, this can be set up through the system settings. Some Android phones have a VPN item in the settings menu, which also allows you to use an individual proxy.

A VPN on your phone lets you protect your privacy when you connect to public WiFi hotspots. You can also use it to hide your real location, connect to blocked sites and applications. There are many ways to use VPN.