Proxy Duke

VPN allows you to hide your real IP address, as well as further encrypt your traffic. VPN is also actively used for address spoofing. For example, the user is in the Russian Federation, but by connecting through a VPN server, the site "thinks" that the user is from the United States.

To simulate a click during scraping, you can use a headless browser automation library like Puppeteer for Node.js. Puppeteer provides a high-level API to control headless browsers, allowing you to automate tasks such as clicking on elements, filling out forms, and navigating through pages.

Here's a basic example of how you can use Puppeteer to simulate a click:

1. Install Puppeteer:

   • Install Puppeteer using npm:

npm install puppeteer

Write the Scraping Script:

• Create a Node.js script (e.g., scrape_with_click.js) with the following code:

const puppeteer = require('puppeteer');

async function scrapeWithClick() {
    const browser = await puppeteer.launch();
    const page = await browser.newPage();

    try {
        // Navigate to the target URL
        await page.goto('https://example.com');

        // Wait for a specific selector to appear (replace with the selector of the element you want to click)
        const elementSelector = 'button#exampleButton';
        await page.waitForSelector(elementSelector);

        // Simulate a click on the specified element
        await page.click(elementSelector);

        // Wait for the page to settle (replace with additional logic if needed)
        await page.waitForTimeout(2000);

        // Extract and print information after the click
        const extractedInfo = await page.evaluate(() => {
            // Replace this with your logic to extract information from the clicked page
            return document.title;
        });

        console.log('Extracted information after click:', extractedInfo);
    } catch (error) {
        console.error('Error during scraping:', error);
    } finally {
        // Close the browser
        await browser.close();
    }
}

// Run the scraping script
scrapeWithClick();

• • Replace 'https://example.com' with the URL you want to scrape.

  • Replace 'button#exampleButton' with the selector of the element you want to click.

• Run the Script:

  • Run the script using Node.js:

node scrape_with_click.js

This script uses Puppeteer to launch a headless browser, navigate to a specified URL, wait for a specific element to appear, simulate a click on that element, and then perform additional actions or extractions as needed.

Make sure to handle errors and adjust the script based on the structure of the website you are scraping.

In Selenium with Python, you can add cookies to your browser session using the add_cookie method of the WebDriver's options or add_cookie method of the WebDriver instance. If you have cookies saved in a file, you can read the file and then add the cookies to your Selenium session. Here's an example:

from selenium import webdriver
import pickle

# Create a new instance of the browser (e.g., Chrome)
driver = webdriver.Chrome()

# Read cookies from a file (replace 'cookies.pkl' with your actual file name)
with open('cookies.pkl', 'rb') as cookies_file:
    cookies = pickle.load(cookies_file)

# Add each cookie to the browser session
for cookie in cookies:
    driver.add_cookie(cookie)

# Now the browser should have the added cookies

# Example: Navigate to a website after setting cookies
driver.get('https://example.com')

# Continue with your script...

# Close the browser when done
driver.quit()

In this example:

1. The Selenium WebDriver (Chrome in this case) is created.
2. Cookies are read from a file using the pickle module. Make sure your cookies file is in the correct format (a list of dictionaries).
3. Each cookie is added to the browser session using the add_cookie method.
4. The script navigates to a website (https://example.com) after setting the cookies. Adjust this part according to your specific use case.
5. The browser is closed using driver.quit() when the script is done.

Make sure to replace 'cookies.pkl' with the actual path to your cookies file.

Note: The format of the cookies file is crucial. It should be a list of dictionaries, and each dictionary should contain at least the keys 'name', 'value', 'domain', and 'path'. If the cookies were obtained using get_cookies() in a previous Selenium session, you can directly save the result using pickle.dump(cookies, file).

Here's a simple example of how to save cookies:

from selenium import webdriver
import pickle

driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get('https://example.com')

# Get cookies
cookies = driver.get_cookies()

# Save cookies to a file
with open('cookies.pkl', 'wb') as cookies_file:
    pickle.dump(cookies, cookies_file)

driver.quit()

Then, you can use the first script to load and set these cookies in a new Selenium session.

If you are experiencing TimeoutException errors when trying to run Selenium in headless mode in PyCharm, there are several potential causes and solutions. Here are some steps to troubleshoot and address the issue:

1. Increase Wait Time:

   • Headless mode may introduce additional latency, and elements might take longer to load. Increase the timeout for explicit waits to give the elements enough time to become available.

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC

driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)

# Increase the timeout as needed
wait = WebDriverWait(driver, 20)

# Example wait for an element to be clickable
element = wait.until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.ID, 'your_locator')))

• Use Different Locator Strategies:

  • If one locator strategy is causing timeouts, try using a different one. For example, switch from By.ID to By.XPATH or vice versa.

• Verify Element Identification:

  • Confirm that the element locator used in your script is correct and uniquely identifies the intended element.

• Check for JavaScript Errors:

  • Open the browser console and check for any JavaScript errors that might be affecting the behavior of the page.

• Increase Browser Window Size:

  • Some websites may behave differently in headless mode based on the window size. Try setting a larger window size.

options.add_argument('--window-size=1920,1080')

• Update ChromeDriver:

  • Ensure that you are using the latest version of ChromeDriver that is compatible with your Chrome browser version.

• Use a Custom User Agent:

  • Some websites may behave differently based on the user agent. Try setting a custom user agent.

options.add_argument('--user-agent=Your_Custom_User_Agent')

• Check for Captchas or Additional Security Measures:

  • Some websites may use captchas or additional security measures that could cause delays. Ensure that your script is not encountering captchas.

• Browser Profile:

  • In some cases, the behavior of the browser may change when running in headless mode. Experiment with different browser profiles or use a clean profile.

• Network Issues:

  • Ensure that there are no network-related issues that might be causing delays in loading elements.

• Check Proxy Settings:

  • If you are using a proxy, ensure that the proxy settings are configured correctly for headless mode.

• Headless Mode Compatibility:

  • Some websites may have issues with headless mode due to user agent detection or other factors. Test your script on different websites to see if the issue persists.

To run GUI autotests in GitLab CI\CD using Docker, Selenium, and PyTest, you can follow these steps:

1. Create a .gitlab-ci.yml file in the root directory of your project. This file will define the pipeline and the jobs for your CI\CD process.

2. Configure the pipeline to use the appropriate image for your tests. In this case, you can use a Python image with the required dependencies installed.

3. Define the before_script section to set up the environment for the tests, including installing the necessary packages and downloading the required drivers for Selenium.

4. Define the test job to run the PyTest tests using the Selenium WebDriver.

Here's an example of a .gitlab-ci.yml file:

stages:
  - test

variables:
  SELENIUM_CHROME_DRIVER: '102.0.5005.62'
  SELENIUM_FIREFOX_DRIVER: '0.26.0'

image: python:3.8

cache:
  paths:
    - .venv
    - requirements.txt

before_script:
  - apt-get update -qq
  - apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
      build-essential \
      wget \
      xvfb \
      xvfb-run
  - pip install --upgrade pip
  - pip install --quiet --upgrade pytest
  - pip install --quiet selenium
  - pip install --quiet webdriver-manager
  - wget https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/releases/download/v${SELENIUM_CHROME_DRIVER}/chromedriver_linux64.zip
  - unzip chromedriver_linux64.zip chromedriver
  - wget https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/releases/download/v${SELENIUM_FIREFOX_DRIVER}/geckodriver-v${SELENIUM_FIREFOX_DRIVER}
  - mv geckodriver-v${SELENIUM_FIREFOX_DRIVER} geckodriver

test:
  stage: test
  script:
    - pytest tests/
  tags:
    - selenium
  artifacts:
    reports:
      - html
  only:
    - master
    - merge_requests

This .gitlab-ci.yml file defines a single stage called test that runs the PyTest tests in the tests/ directory. The before_script section installs the necessary dependencies, downloads the Selenium WebDriver for Chrome and Firefox, and sets up the environment for running the tests.

The tags: - selenium line ensures that the job runs on a runner with the selenium tag, which should have the appropriate Selenium WebDriver installed. The artifacts: reports: - html line enables the generation of HTML reports for the test results.

The only: - master - merge_requests line specifies that the tests should be run on every commit to the master branch and on every merge request.

Once you've set up the .gitlab-ci.yml file, commit and push it to your repository. Then, create a new merge request or push to the master branch to trigger the CI\CD pipeline and run the GUI autotests using Docker, Selenium, and PyTest.