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When performing web scraping with authorization in Python, you typically need to simulate the login process of a user by sending the necessary authentication data (such as username and password) to the website. The exact steps depend on the authentication method used by the website, and there are several common approaches

Basic Authentication (using requests library)

If the website uses HTTP Basic Authentication, you can include the authentication credentials in the request headers using the requests library.

import requests

url = 'https://example.com/data'
username = 'your_username'
password = 'your_password'

response = requests.get(url, auth=(username, password))

if response.status_code == 200:
    # Successfully authenticated, you can now parse the content
    print(response.text)
else:
    print(f"Failed to authenticate. Status code: {response.status_code}")

Form-Based Authentication

For websites that use form-based authentication (login form), you need to send a POST request with the appropriate form data.

import requests

login_url = 'https://example.com/login'
data = {
    'username': 'your_username',
    'password': 'your_password',
}

# Use a session to persist the authentication across requests
with requests.Session() as session:
    response = session.post(login_url, data=data)

    if response.status_code == 200:
        # Authentication successful, continue with subsequent requests
        data_url = 'https://example.com/data'
        data_response = session.get(data_url)
        print(data_response.text)
    else:
        print(f"Failed to authenticate. Status code: {response.status_code}")

OAuth Authentication

For websites using OAuth, you might need to use an OAuth library like requests_oauthlib or oauthlib to handle the OAuth flow.

Handling Cookies

Sometimes, authentication is maintained using cookies. In such cases, you need to handle cookies in your requests.

import requests

login_url = 'https://example.com/login'
data = {
    'username': 'your_username',
    'password': 'your_password',
}

# Use a session to persist the authentication across requests
with requests.Session() as session:
    login_response = session.post(login_url, data=data)

    if login_response.status_code == 200:
        # Authentication successful, continue with subsequent requests
        data_url = 'https://example.com/data'
        data_response = session.get(data_url)
        print(data_response.text)
    else:
        print(f"Failed to authenticate. Status code: {login_response.status_code}")

However, there are alternative approaches and bindings that allow you to use Selenium with C++. Here are a couple of options:

1. CppDriver:

   • CppDriver is a C++ implementation of the WebDriver protocol that allows you to interact with web browsers. It is not an official Selenium project but provides a way to use Selenium-like functionality in C++.

   GitHub Repository: CppDriver

   Keep in mind that the project may not be as actively maintained or feature-rich as official Selenium bindings for other languages.

2. WebDriver C++ Client Library (Unofficial):

   • There are unofficial C++ bindings or client libraries developed by the community. These libraries may provide a way to interact with WebDriver or Selenium-like functionality in C++. However, their usage and features may vary.

   GitHub Repository Example: webdriver-cpp

   Note: Unofficial bindings might not be as comprehensive or up-to-date as official Selenium bindings.

3. Use Selenium with C++ via External Libraries:

   • Another approach is to use C++ along with external libraries that can control browsers. For example, you might use C++ to control a headless browser like Chromium or automate interactions using browser automation libraries.

   Keep in mind that this approach may not provide the same level of abstraction and cross-browser compatibility as Selenium WebDriver.

Before choosing any of these options, carefully review the documentation, community support, and compatibility with your specific requirements. Since these projects are not officially supported by the Selenium project, they may have limitations and may not be as stable or feature-rich as Selenium WebDriver in other languages.

To run GUI autotests in GitLab CI\CD using Docker, Selenium, and PyTest, you can follow these steps:

1. Create a .gitlab-ci.yml file in the root directory of your project. This file will define the pipeline and the jobs for your CI\CD process.

2. Configure the pipeline to use the appropriate image for your tests. In this case, you can use a Python image with the required dependencies installed.

3. Define the before_script section to set up the environment for the tests, including installing the necessary packages and downloading the required drivers for Selenium.

4. Define the test job to run the PyTest tests using the Selenium WebDriver.

Here's an example of a .gitlab-ci.yml file:

stages:
  - test

variables:
  SELENIUM_CHROME_DRIVER: '102.0.5005.62'
  SELENIUM_FIREFOX_DRIVER: '0.26.0'

image: python:3.8

cache:
  paths:
    - .venv
    - requirements.txt

before_script:
  - apt-get update -qq
  - apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
      build-essential \
      wget \
      xvfb \
      xvfb-run
  - pip install --upgrade pip
  - pip install --quiet --upgrade pytest
  - pip install --quiet selenium
  - pip install --quiet webdriver-manager
  - wget https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/releases/download/v${SELENIUM_CHROME_DRIVER}/chromedriver_linux64.zip
  - unzip chromedriver_linux64.zip chromedriver
  - wget https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/releases/download/v${SELENIUM_FIREFOX_DRIVER}/geckodriver-v${SELENIUM_FIREFOX_DRIVER}
  - mv geckodriver-v${SELENIUM_FIREFOX_DRIVER} geckodriver

test:
  stage: test
  script:
    - pytest tests/
  tags:
    - selenium
  artifacts:
    reports:
      - html
  only:
    - master
    - merge_requests

This .gitlab-ci.yml file defines a single stage called test that runs the PyTest tests in the tests/ directory. The before_script section installs the necessary dependencies, downloads the Selenium WebDriver for Chrome and Firefox, and sets up the environment for running the tests.

The tags: - selenium line ensures that the job runs on a runner with the selenium tag, which should have the appropriate Selenium WebDriver installed. The artifacts: reports: - html line enables the generation of HTML reports for the test results.

The only: - master - merge_requests line specifies that the tests should be run on every commit to the master branch and on every merge request.

Once you've set up the .gitlab-ci.yml file, commit and push it to your repository. Then, create a new merge request or push to the master branch to trigger the CI\CD pipeline and run the GUI autotests using Docker, Selenium, and PyTest.

To register a new Google account using Selenium, you'll need to automate the process of navigating through the registration form and submitting the required information. Here's a step-by-step guide on how to do this:

Set up your Selenium WebDriver:

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC

driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get('https://accounts.google.com/signup')

Locate the registration form elements and interact with them:

first_name_input = WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.ID, 'firstName')))
first_name_input.send_keys('Your First Name')

last_name_input = WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.ID, 'lastName')))
last_name_input.send_keys('Your Last Name')

username_input = WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.ID, 'username')))
username_input.send_keys('[email protected]')

password_input = WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.ID, 'password')))
password_input.send_keys('YourPassword123')

confirm_password_input = WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.ID, 'confirmPassword')))
confirm_password_input.send_keys('YourPassword123')

terms_checkbox = WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.ID, 'agree-terms-check-box')))
terms_checkbox.click()

submit_button = WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.ID, 'submit-button')))
submit_button.click()

Handle the captcha if it appears:

if 'recaptcha-anchor' in driver.page_source:
    WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.ID, 'recaptcha-anchor'))).click()
    WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.ID, 'recaptcha-checkbox'))).click()

Close the WebDriver:

driver.quit()

We recommend using SOCKS5 proxies for uTorrent. When using HTTP, HTTPS, and SOCKS4 protocols, users often encounter technical problems when downloading files. They may simply not be loaded on the device. It is also worth noting that SOCKS5 is the best anonymizer, which hides all the data of the computer.

Before choosing a proxy server provider, it is recommended to pay attention to the parameter "traffic limit". If there is one, money will be deducted from your account. To avoid loss of money, it is better to choose a vendor who has to pay not for traffic, but for the number of addresses.